Women in Public Life.
In the late 1800s, middle-class and upper-class women became the only ones who could afford to stay home all day with their families. Most other women had to get to work everyday in order to have a meal for their families each day. Many worked on farms, but women also worked in the industry. Offices, stores, and classrooms began filling up with women who had received a high school education. Newly freed African American women often worked in the cities as cooks, laundresses, and maids. Women that could afford it went to college for a higher education. Colleges such as Columbia, Brown, and Harvard at first excluded women from admittance, but then established separate colleges for females. The late 19th century was the turning point for women because they no longer only cared about marriage in their life. They were able to work hard and get an education. In 1896, the National Association of Colored Women was founded. It managed nurseries. reading rooms, and kindergartens. Susan B. Anthony was a proponent of woman suffrage, or the right to vote. She wanted women to have the same voting rights as men, even if it meant blacks not voting as quickly. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton founded the National Women Suffrage Association in 1869, which inspired others to later become the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Men and businesses were worried about women voting in favor of prohibition and restrictions on child labor. The more prominent role of women also worried men. Suffragist leaders took three different approaches in order to get their right. They first tried to convince state legislators to grant women the right to vote. When that failed they pursued court cases to test the 14th amendment. And finally, they fought for a national constitutional amendment to grant women the right to vote. (summary-Genevieve)
Females at work.
(Picture- Katherine) Women found jobs in factories such as this box making factory. About 25 percent of women who had a job worked in manufacturing (Caption-Kelly)
Females at work.
(Picture- Katherine) Conditions in factories, such as this clothing factory, led to them being referred to as sweatshops. (Caption-Kelly)
Susan B. Anthony
(Picture- Katherine) Susan B. Anthony was a leading proponent of woman suffrage, the right to vote. Both Susan and Elizabeth Cady Stanton founded the National Women Suffrage Association (NWSA). (Caption-Kelly)
Susan B. Antony
(Picture- Katherine) Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Women of Protest: Photographs from the Records of the National Woman's Party, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. These two women started the NWSA which eventually led to the NAWSA, the National American WOman Suffrage Association.
NACW (national association of colored women)
(Picture- Katherine) The NACW is the National Association of Colored Woman. African American women founded this when the merged together the two earlier organizations. (Caption-Kelly)
nawsa (National American Woman suffrage association)
(Picture- Katherine) The National American Woman Suffrage Association, or NAWSA. Other leaders of this group were Lucy Stone and Julia Ward Howe. (Caption-Kelly)
Suffrage movement.
(Picture- Katherine) There were three approaches which suffrage leaders tried. First, they tried to convince state legislatures to give women the right to vote. Second, women pursued court cases to test the Fourteenth Amendment, which declared that states denying their male citizens the right to vote would loose congressional representation. Third, women pushed for a national constitutional amendment to grant women the vote.
suffrage movement.
(Picture- Katherine) The first part of the three-part strategy was to try and convince state legislatures to grant women the right to vote. They achieved victory in the territory of Wyoming in 1869, and by the 1890s Utah, Colorado, and Ida